Cov txheej txheem ntim khoom txias yog tsim los tswj qhov kub ntawm cov khoom puas tsuaj (xws li cov khoom noj tshiab thiab khov, tshuaj, thiab lwm yam khoom kub-rhiab) thaum thauj thiab khaws cia. Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hais txog cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov hlua txias txias:
1. Hom Cold Chain Ntim
Insulated Containers:Insulated ntim tau tshwj xeeb tsim los txo cov cua sov hloov ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ib puag ncig, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub thiab txias. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv txias txias rau kev thauj thiab khaws cov khoom kub-rhiab heev. Nov yog qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov thawv insulated:
- Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm:
- Cov khoom siv insulating:Ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity (xws li ua npuas ncauj lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum) los thaiv cov cua sov.
- Multi-Layer Structure:Siv cov txheej txheem ntau txheej nrog cov khoom siv insulating nyob nruab nrab kom ua kom cov thermal kuj.
- Sealed Design:Tiv thaiv huab cua sab nraud los ntawm kev nkag mus, tswj qhov kub thiab txias sab hauv.
- Reflective rwb thaiv tsev zaj duab xis:Reflects thermal hluav taws xob kom txo tau cov cua kub hloov mus ntxiv.
- Hom Insulated Containers:
- Foam Boxes:Ib leeg-siv insulated lub thawv ua los ntawm cov npuas dej, feem ntau siv rau kev thauj mus los luv luv.
- Vacuum Insulated Panel (VIP) Boxes:Reusable thawv ua nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev rwb thaiv tsev panels, muab superior rwb thaiv tsev.
- Cooler Boxes / Lub thawv txias:Active insulated thawv nruab nrog cua txias units, muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias rau ncua sij hawm.
Lub rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntim khoom no feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom siv insulating, kev tsim qauv, thiab kev sib khi ua haujlwm. Ua ke nrog cov khoom txias (xws li cov dej khov qhuav los yog cov gel packs), cov thawv insulated tuaj yeem muab cov saw hlau tiv thaiv zoo rau cov khoom kub-rhiab.
Cold Source Materials:Cov khoom siv txias txias yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov saw hlau txias, siv los tswj qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig thaum thauj thiab khaws cia. Nov yog qee cov khoom siv txias txias thiab lawv cov nta:
- Gel Packs:Ua los ntawm cov khoom siv polymer siab, muab cov cua txias kom zoo, rov siv tau, thiab tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig.
- Dej khov qhuav:Cov pa roj carbon dioxide muaj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm -78.5 ° C, sublimates ncaj qha rau hauv cov roj yam tsis muaj residue, zoo tagnrho rau ultra-tsawg kub thauj.
- Phase Change Materials (PCM):Ncua lossis tso tawm cov cua kub ntau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tswj qhov kub thiab txias, zoo meej rau kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov saw txias.
- Qhuav Ice pellets:Ib daim ntawv ntawm cov dej khov qhuav hauv daim ntawv pellet, siv tau yooj yim thiab ceev txias, haum rau kev thauj mus los luv.
- Ice Bricks:Cov khoom txias txias uas muab cov cua txias zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev, haum rau kev thauj khoom loj.
2. Phase Change Materials (PCM)
Cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv theem (PCMs) yog siv los tswj qhov kub thiab txias tas li los ntawm kev nqus lossis tso tawm cov cua kub ntau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau siv dav hauv kev thauj mus los txias rau cov khoom lag luam uas xav tau kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, xws li tshuaj, khoom noj, thiab tshuaj.
- Pawg:
- Organic PCMs:suav nrog paraffin thiab fatty acids, paub txog qhov zoo latent tshav kub thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, haum rau nruab nrab-rau-siab kub ntau yam (-30 ° C txog + 150 ° C).
- Inorganic PCMs:suav nrog ntsev hydrates, paub txog kev kub siab latent thiab thermal conductivity, zoo tagnrho rau kev lag luam lub zog cia thiab kub tswj ntim ntim.
- Composite PCMs:Muab cov ntaub ntawv organic thiab inorganic rau kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los ntawm cov saw txias thiab lub zog txuag hluav taws xob.
- Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm:PCMs tswj qhov kub thiab txias los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kua hauv lub xeev, nqus cua sov thaum kub tshaj qhov hloov pauv theem thiab tso cua sov thaum kub poob qis hauv qab nws.
- Qhov zoo:
- Qhov kub thiab txias:Khaws qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb, tiv thaiv cov khoom kub-rhiab heev.
- High Zog Ceev:Khaws lub zog loj hauv ib lub ntim me me.
- Reusability:Yuav siv tau ntau zaus, ua rau lawv ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab raug nqi.
- Daim ntawv thov:
- Pharmaceutical Cold Chain:Siv rau kev thauj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom siv ntshav, thiab tshuaj, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub thiab txias.
- Khoom noj khoom haus Cold Chain:Siv rau kev thauj cov khoom tshiab, cov khoom siv mis nyuj, thiab cov dej khov nab kuab, tswj cov khoom tshiab thiab zoo.
3. Temperature-Controlled Packaging Lineers
Kev tswj cov khoom ntim khoom kub yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv txias txias, tsim kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv ntim, tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv thaum thauj. Nov yog qee hom kev ntsuas kub tswj cov hnab ntim khoom:
- Ua npuas ncauj (EPS / EPP):Lub teeb yuag, zoo rwb thaiv tsev, cuam tshuam-resistant, haum rau cov tshuaj thiab khoom noj khoom haus.
- VIP Liners:Ua los ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev tiv thaiv zaj duab xis, muab cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, zoo tagnrho rau cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- PU Ua npuas ncauj Liner:Kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo, ruaj khov, dav siv hauv kev thauj khoom noj thiab tshuaj.
- Aluminium Ntawv Nyiaj Liners:Cov khoom muaj zog muaj zog, noo noo-resistant, zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom noj tshiab.
- Silicone Liners:Mos, zoo siab thiab kub tsis kam, haum rau high-end electronics thiab precision instruments.
4. Cov cuab yeej ntsuas kub
Cov cuab yeej ntsuas kub yog siv los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los, xws li:
- Kub Loggers
- Temperature Data Recorders
Ntau hom kev ntim khoom txias tuaj yeem ua ke raws li kev thauj mus los, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab lwm yam kom tau raws li ntau yam kev thauj mus los txias.
5. Active vs. Passive Systems
Cov txheej txheem ntim khoom txias tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov haujlwm nquag thiab tsis muaj zog, txhua tus nrog nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Active Systems:
- Nta:
- Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias:Nruab nrog cov roj teeb lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias.
- Lub caij txias txias:Haum rau kev thauj mus los ntev, tswj qhov kub thiab txias hauv qhov chaw huab cua.
- Kev ua haujlwm siab:Zoo tagnrho rau kev thauj cov khoom muaj nqis thiab kub-rhiab heev.
- Complex Structure:Xws li kub sensors, controllers, thiab cooling units.
- Daim ntawv thov:
- Pharmaceutical Transport:Siv rau kev thauj mus los ntev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom siv ntshav, thiab cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
- Biological Samples:Rau kev thauj cov khoom siv roj ntsha, xav tau kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias.
- Khoom noj khoom haus High-End:Rau kev thauj mus los thoob ntiaj teb cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo li nqaij nruab deg, nqaij, thiab khoom noj siv mis.
- Piv txwv:
- Tsheb tub yees:Nruab nrog cov cua txias ywj siab rau kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias.
- Temperature-Controlled Containers:Rau hiav txwv thiab huab cua thauj nrog built-in cua txias units.
- Portable Refrigerated Boxes:Rau kev thauj mus los luv luv nrog cov roj teeb uas siv lub tshuab cua txias.
Passive Systems:
- Nta:
- Tsis xav tau lub zog:Siv cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thiab qhov chaw txias (xws li cov pob gel, dej khov qhuav, PCMs) kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias.
- Tus nqi qis:Kev lag luam ntau dua, haum rau kev thauj mus los luv mus rau nruab nrab.
- Simplicity:Yooj yim rau siv thiab khaws cia.
- Lub sijhawm txias txias:Lub sijhawm txias txias yog luv dua, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv sab nraud.
- Daim ntawv thov:
- Kev thauj mus los luv:Haum rau kev thauj khoom noj, khoom noj tshiab, thiab tshuaj.
- Kev Pab Cuam:Rau kev xa khoom txias los ntawm e-lag luam thiab kev pabcuam khoom noj khoom haus.
- Kev Thauj Xwm Ceev:Rau lub sij hawm luv luv txias thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
- Piv txwv:
- Ua npuas ncauj Insulation Boxes:Siv ua npuas ncauj ua ib txheej insulating, nrog gel packs los yog qhuav dej khov rau hauv.
- PCM Insulation Boxes:Siv cov khoom hloov theem kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias.
- Aluminium Foil Insulation Bags:Lub teeb yuag, portable, haum rau kev thauj mus los luv.
Cov kev nkag siab ntawm cov hlua txias ntim cov kev daws teeb meem no muab kev nkag siab zoo txog yuav ua li cas kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sij hawm thauj mus los thiab khaws cia cov khoom puas tsuaj.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-21-2024